Mekanisme log dan pesan sistem

Di dalam Linux dikenal dua cara logging, yaitu dengan
syslogd
klogd.
Syslogd digunakan oleh berbagai macam program yang menggunakan fungsi syslog() untuk memasukkan
catatan (log) ke dalam log file yang disediakan fasilitasnya oleh syslogd. File konfigurasi dari
syslogd terletak di /etc/syslog.conf, dari file ini administrator sistem dapat menentukan dimana
log file diletakkan. Secara default log file akan diletakkan di /var/log. Berikut adalah contoh dari file
/etc/syslog.conf
----------------------------------------------------------------
# /etc/syslog.conf Configuration file for syslogd.
#
# For more information see syslog.conf(5)
# manpage.
#
# First some standard logfiles. Log by facility.

#
auth,authpriv.* /var/log/auth.log
*.*;auth,authpriv.none -/var/log/syslog
#cron.* /var/log/cron.log
daemon.* -/var/log/daemon.log
kern.* -/var/log/kern.log
lpr.* -/var/log/lpr.log
mail.* /var/log/mail.log
user.* -/var/log/user.log
uucp.* -/var/log/uucp.log
#
# Logging for the mail system. Split it up so that
# it is easy to write scripts to parse these files.
#
mail.info -/var/log/mail.info
mail.warn -/var/log/mail.warn
mail.err /var/log/mail.err
# Logging for INN news system
#
news.crit /var/log/news/news.crit
news.err /var/log/news/news.err
news.notice -/var/log/news/news.notice
#
# Some ’catch-all’ logfiles.
#
*.=debug;\
auth,authpriv.none;\
news.none;mail.none -/var/log/debug
*.=info;*.=notice;*.=warn;\
auth,authpriv.none;\
cron,daemon.none;\
mail,news.none -/var/log/messages
#
# Emergencies are sent to everybody logged in.
#
*.emerg *
#
# I like to have messages displayed on the console, but only on a virtual
# console I usually leave idle.
#
#daemon,mail.*;\
# news.=crit;news.=err;news.=notice;\
# *.=debug;*.=info;\
# *.=notice;*.=warn /dev/tty8
# The named pipe /dev/xconsole is for the nsole’ utility. To use it,
# you must invoke nsole’ with the -file’ option:
#
# $ xconsole -file /dev/xconsole [...]
#
# NOTE: adjust the list below, or you’ll go crazy if you have a reasonably
# busy site..
#
daemon.*;mail.*;\
news.crit;news.err;news.notice;\
*.=debug;*.=info;\
#
*.emerg *
#
# I like to have messages displayed on the console, but only on a virtual

# console I usually leave idle.
#
#daemon,mail.*;\
# news.=crit;news.=err;news.=notice;\
# *.=debug;*.=info;\
# *.=notice;*.=warn /dev/tty8
# The named pipe /dev/xconsole is for the nsole’ utility. To use it,
# you must invoke nsole’ with the -file’ option:
#
# $ xconsole -file /dev/xconsole [...]
#
# NOTE: adjust the list below, or you’ll go crazy if you have a reasonably
# busy site..
#
daemon.*;mail.*;\
news.crit;news.err;news.notice;\
*.=debug;*.=info;\
#
*.emerg *
#
# I like to have messages displayed on the console, but only on a virtual
# console I usually leave idle.
#
#daemon,mail.*;\
# news.=crit;news.=err;news.=notice;\
# *.=debug;*.=info;\
# *.=notice;*.=warn /dev/tty8
# The named pipe /dev/xconsole is for the nsole’ utility. To use it,
# you must invoke nsole’ with the -file’ option:
#
# $ xconsole -file /dev/xconsole [...]
#
# NOTE: adjust the list below, or you’ll go crazy if you have a reasonably
# busy site..
#
daemon.*;mail.*;\
news.crit;news.err;news.notice;\
*.=debug;*.=info;\
*.=notice;*.=warn |/dev/xconsole
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Setelah syslogd hal yang perlu diketahui adalah klogd. Klogd adalah system daemon yang mencatat
segala aktifitas kernel dan kemudian mendokumentasikannya ke dalam file.

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